z-scores
Content for Thursday, January 14, 2027
Goals
By the end of this topic, you should be able to:
- Turn a score into a z-score and back
- Use z-scores to compare scores from different scales
- Say what standardizing changes, and what it keeps
- Meet the first step of the simulator’s blueprint
Reading
- Chapter 5.
NoteThe book and our slides
- The book: writes z = (X − M)/s for a sample. Our slides: same formula, with σ̂ for s.